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The Crusades
 
 
Click on a picture to enlarge it and to read an informative description.
 
 
 
Map of the crusaders' states in Syria after the First Crusade.  Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1229. Map of the Islamic conquests in Africa, Asia, and Europe, 632-750 A.D./C.E. Map of Europe at the time of the First Crusade (1096). A knight Templar.  Middle Ages, Europe. Artillery of the Middle Ages, a catapult.  Most catapults were great crossbows.  The one shown here, however, also called an onager, was like a great sling.  Catapults were used for either offensive or defensive warfare.  The one shown is being employed in the defense of city walls.  Stones were used as ammunition.
 
 
  Louis IX starting for the Crusades.  From an illuminated manuscript of the thirteenth century. Map of the growth of the Ottoman Turkish Empire, 1355-1683.
 
 
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Click here to go to the World History page for the Crusades.