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The Neo-Conservative movement arose from short-term disillusionment with 1960s counterculture and the perceived failures of liberal social policies. Its long-term cause was a Cold War strategy by ex-leftist intellectuals to promote democratic capitalism globally.
Its immediate effect was shaping the Reagan administration's anti-communist foreign policy. The long-term effect was providing the ideological justification for the post-9/11 Iraq War, based on promoting democracy through military intervention, a policy whose ultimate failure led to the movement's decline.
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