Ukraine is the second-largest country in Europe by area, located in Eastern Europe and bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west, and Romania and Moldova to the southwest. To the south, Ukraine is bordered by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, which provide important maritime access for trade and transport.
The country's geography is diverse and includes fertile plains, rolling steppes, and significant river systems, most notably the Dnipro River, which runs through the center of Ukraine and serves as a vital resource for agriculture, transportation, and hydroelectric power. Northern and central Ukraine are dominated by flat, fertile land ideal for farming, earning the region its nickname as part of Europe's "breadbasket."
In the west, the Carpathian Mountains form a natural boundary and are known for forested hills and moderate elevations. In the south, the Crimean Peninsula extends into the Black Sea, featuring mountains along its southern coast and a more temperate climate.
Ukraine's geography has made it strategically important historically and economically. Its fertile soil supports extensive agriculture, especially grain production, while its location has often placed it at the crossroads of major trade routes and regional power struggles.
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