1. Before European explorers circumnavigated the globe, 9-20-1-12-25 had a monopoly on trade with Asia.

2. Exploration and trade led to the 3-15-13-13-5-18-3-9-1-12   18-5-22-15-12-21-20-9-15-14 of the 17th and 18th centuries.

3. A magnetic 3-15-13-16-1-19-19 was used to guide ships in the right direction.

4. An 1-19-20-18-15-12-1-2-5 was used to measure latitude.

5. The European trade route to Asia had gone through Constantinople, which was captured by the 20-21-18-11-19 in 1453.

6. Europeans wanted spices for food 16-18-5-19-5-18-22-1-20-9-15-14.

7. Portuguese explorer 4-9-1-26 sailed to the southern tip of Africa.

8. Prince 8-5-14-18-25 “the Navigator” began European explorations.

9. The Americas are conventionally called the 14-5-23   23-15-18-12-4.

10. 8-21-4-19-15-14 was the first European to explore the Hudson River.

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