Iran is a geographically diverse country located in the Middle East, bordered by the Caspian Sea to the north and the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman to the south.
It is characterized by rugged mountains, vast plateaus, and desert basins.
The Zagros Mountains run along the western border, while the Alborz Mountains rise in the north, containing Iran's highest peak, Mount Damavand.
Central Iran is dominated by arid plateaus and deserts, such as the Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut, some of the hottest places on Earth.
Despite its arid interior, Iran has fertile coastal plains in the north and southwest, supporting agriculture.
Major rivers like the Karun and Zayandeh Rud are vital for irrigation.
Iran's strategic location between Asia, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent has historically made it a crossroads of trade and culture.
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