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History of the Ancient Phoenicians |
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I.
Geography
a.
Phoenicia was located between the
eastern Mediterranean coast and the Lebanon Mountains
II.
Government
a.
Not a unified nation
b.
Consisted of independent
city-states
III.
Phoenicians were sailors
a.
No maps or modern technology
b.
Sailed beyond Gibraltar (Pillars
of Hercules)
c.
Evidence they may have
circumnavigated Africa
IV.
Phoenician colonies
a.
Sailed and colonized throughout
the Mediterranean beginning circa 1000 BCE
i.
Gades (Cadiz, Spain)
ii.
Carthage (Tunis, Tunisia)
b.
Modern DNA testing links
Palestinians, Lebanese, and residents of old Phoenician colonies
V.
Trade
a.
Leading sailors and traders of
ancient world
b.
They traded:
i.
Cloth
ii.
Dye (purple dye prized by kings,
made from shellfish murex)
iii.
Glass
iv.
Pottery
c.
Traded for:
i.
Tin (Britannia)
ii.
Hides, ivory, ostrich feathers,
and slaves (Africa)
iii.
Gold, precious stones, and spices
(India)
VI.
Alphabet
a.
Carried their civilization and
culture where they trades
b.
Adopted and adapted Egyptian
hieroglyphics into an alphabet of 22 symbols (letters)
representing sounds
i.
Egyptian hieroglyphics ↘
1.
Egyptian hieratic (script) ↘
a.
Phoenician ↘
i.
Greek ↘
1.
Roman (Latin)
VII.
Review questions
a.
Where was Phoenicia located?
b.
Name two Phoenician colonies.
c.
Where did the Phoenicians trade?
d.
What is considered to be the
Phoenicians’ greatest contribution to the world? |