| History of the Ancient Phoenicians |
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I. Geography a. Phoenicia was located between the eastern Mediterranean coast and the Lebanon Mountains II. Government a. Not a unified nation b. Consisted of independent city-states III. Phoenicians were sailors a. No maps or modern technology b. Sailed beyond Gibraltar (Pillars of Hercules) c. Evidence they may have circumnavigated Africa IV. Phoenician colonies a. Sailed and colonized throughout the Mediterranean beginning circa 1000 B.C.E. i. Gades (Cadiz, Spain) ii. Carthage (Tunis, Tunisia) b. Modern DNA testing links Palestinians, Lebanese, and residents of old Phoenician colonies V. Trade a. Leading sailors and traders of ancient world b. They traded: i. Cloth ii. Dye (purple dye prized by kings, made from shellfish murex) iii. Glass iv. Pottery c. Traded for: i. Tin (Britannia) ii. Hides, ivory, ostrich feathers, and slaves (Africa) iii. Gold, precious stones, and spices (India) VI. Alphabet a. Carried their civilization and culture where they trades b. Adopted and adapted Egyptian hieroglyphics into an alphabet of 22 symbols (letters) representing sounds i. Egyptian hieroglyphics ↘ 1. Egyptian hieratic (script) ↘ a. Phoenician ↘ i. Greek ↘ 1. Roman (Latin) VII. Review questions a. Where was Phoenicia located? b. Name two Phoenician colonies. c. Where did the Phoenicians trade? d. What is considered to be the Phoenicians’ greatest contribution to the world? Click here to print. Click here for a PowerPoint version of this outline. |
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