| Common Type of Medieval Castle |
| www.studenthandouts.com > World History > European Middle Ages > Medieval Maps and Pictures |
A medieval castle, restored.The largest round tower, called the donjon, was often 200 feet high and 100 feet in diameter, with walls in some places 30 feet thick. Smaller towers, a moat, and high walls also protected the great fortress. The entrance to the castle was over a drawbridge crossing the moat. In time of attack the drawbridge was raised and the portcullis, a heavy grating of wood, was lowered across the gateway. The walls were defended by bowmen who rained down arrows on the enemy or dropped stones or melted lead from the battlements. The lord of the castle lived with his family in a series of rooms, including the great hall, that faced the inner courtyard. Medieval castles were often uncomfortable due to their cold, damp, and drafty interiors. Built primarily for defense, thick stone walls lacked insulation, making them difficult to heat. Windows were small and rarely had glass, letting in little light and allowing cold air to enter. Sanitation was poor, with rudimentary latrines and limited fresh water. Furnishings were sparse, and life inside could be dark, noisy, and smoky. |
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