| First Industrial Revolution History Workbook |
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| www.studenthandouts.com > World History > Industrial Revolution > Industrial Revolution Miscellany |
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"The First Industrial Revolution" focuses primarily on the events which took place in Great Britain during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Fifteen pages in length, this item is part of our World History Workbooks series for high school. Click here to print. The answer key is below. Page 2: When did the First Industrial Revolution begin? around 1800 Page 3: What energy sources powered the Industrial Revolution? water, steam, electricity, and oil, as well as modern energy sources such as atomic, solar, and wind energy Name the three major movements of the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries which set the backdrop for the Industrial Revolution. Commercial, Scientific, and Intellectual Revolutions Why is a spirit of free intellectual inquiry necessary for invenon and development? Answers will vary. Page 4: Describe the domestic system of production in your own words. Answers will vary. Businesspeople delivered raw materials to workers' homes. Domestic workers owned their own machinery (typically small hand tools). Workers manufactured goods from these raw materials, such as items of clothing. An entire item was created by a single person. Businesspeople picked up the finished goods and paid workers wages based on the number of items completed. Are there any manufacturers today that still use the domestic system of production? Explain. Answers will vary based on a student's knowledge of various home-based industries, such as crafters and dressmakers who still operate from their homes. Describe the factory system of production in your own words. Answers will vary. The factory system concentrated workers in a set location—the factory. The factory and all of the large machinery was owned by the capitalist. Page 5:  Page 7: List five reasons why the Industrial Revolution was so successful in Great Britain. Answers will vary. Great Britain had the capital for investing in the means of production (factories and machinery). The British had colonies and markets for manufactured goods, raw materials for production, plenty of workers, a strong merchant marine, and geographic resources. List an item that you use regularly today. How is it an improvement on an earlier item used for the same purpose? What could be done to this item to make it even more useful? Answers will vary. Page 8: Industrialization continues to spread around the globe today. Just as with the First Industrial Revolution, the manufacture of clothing is typically the first industry for an industrializing nation to adopt. Examine the labels on at least five textile items you possess. Where were they made? What do you know about the state of industrialization in these places of origin? Answers will vary. Name three problems of relying on water wheels. Answers will vary. Not enough rivers to provide the power needed to meet growing demand. Some days, the river or stream moved too slowly or too quickly. Streams and rivers are prone to seasonal flooding and drying. Waterways might be far removed from raw materials, workers, and markets. In your own words, explain why the Industrial Revolution brought the first practical need for steam-powered engines. Answers will vary. In 1704, Englishman Thomas Newcomen created a steam engine to pump water from mines. Page 10: Describe an invention that increased the amount and quality of fuel available to manufacturers during the First Industrial Revolution. Answers will vary. Turning coal into coke, smelting iron ore by using water-powered air pumps to create steam blasts, puddling process which purifies and strengthens molten iron. Who developed the Bessemer process? Henry Bessemer Page 12: Why did the Industrial Revolution create a need for faster and more efficient modes of transport? Increased production led to searches for even more markets and sources for raw materials. These searches required better and faster means of transportation. Describe the contributions of three Americans to the revolution in communications. Answers will vary. Telegraph by Samuel F.B. Morse, telephone by Alexander Graham Bell, trans-Atlantic cable by Cyrus W. Field, radio tube by Lee de Forest, television by Vladimir Zworykin. Page 13: Print media vastly increased people's general knowledge of the world. Name a more modern invention that is rapidly overtaking print media, and describe why it is replacing print media. Answers will vary. Pages 14-15—Review Questions: 1. What was the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental change in the way goods were produced, from human labor to machines. 2. Describe at least three developments of the Industrial Revolution. Answers will vary. 3. Compare and contrast the domestic and factory methods of production using this Venn diagram.  4. Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? Answers will vary. Great Britain had the capital for investing in the means of production (factories and machinery). The British had colonies and markets for manufactured goods, raw materials for production, plenty of workers, a strong merchant marine, and geographic resources. 5. Explain why one invention or development leads to another. Answers will vary. 6. Explain how developments in the textile industry sparked the Industrial Revolution. Answers will vary. The spinning machine was invented to speed up the process of creating thread from cotton and wool. Once thread was made more quickly, textile manufacturers needed to weave this thread into cloth faster and more efficiently, so the power loom was invented. With the spinning machine and power loom operating at such speed, there was an increased demand for raw cotton. This led to the invention of the cotton gin, a device that separates raw cotton from seeds. Production of cotton gins (made partly with iron) created demands for stronger iron. Demands for stronger iron led to improvements in iron smelting and, eventually, to the development of affordable steel through the Bessemer process. 7. Describe at least three developments in the area of transportation. Answers will vary. 8. Describe at least three developments in the field of communications. Answers will vary. 9. Considering the conditions necessary for industrialization to occur, how well equipped is the undeveloped world for becoming industrialized? Are modern undeveloped nations in a better or worse position than 18th- and 19th-century England? Explain your answer. Answers will vary. |
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